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- Aquatic Ecotoxicology
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- OECD 202: Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test
- OECD 211: Daphnia magna Reproduction Test
- OECD 235: Chironomus sp., Acute Immobilisation Test
- OECD 218/219: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Test Using Spiked Sediment/Spiked Water
- OECD 233: Sediment-Water Chironomid Life-Cycle Toxicity Test Using Spiked Water or Spiked Sediment
- OECD 225: Sediment-water Lumbriculus Toxicity Test Using Spiked Sediment
- OECD 242: Potamopyrgus antipodarum Reproduction Test
- OECD 243: Lymnaea stagnalis Reproduction Test
- Fish and other vertebrates
- OECD 203: Fish, Acute Toxicity Test
- OECD 215: Fish Juvenile Growth Study
- OECD 212: Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-fry Stages
- OECD 231: The Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay
- OECD 236: Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test
- OECD 210: Fish, Early-life Stage Toxicity Test
- OECD 229 Fish Short Term Reproduction Assay and OECD 230 21-day Fish Assay
- OECD 240 Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT)
- OECD 248: Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay
- OPPTS 850.1500: Fish Life Cycle Toxicity Test
- OÈCD 234 Fish sexual development test
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- OPPTS 830.6302, OPPTS 830.6303,and OPPTS 830.6304: Physical State, Colour and Odor at 20 °C and at 101.3 kPa
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- OECD 213/214: Honey bees, Acute Oral and Acute Contact Toxicity Test
- OECD 245: Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.), Chronic Oral Toxicity Test (10-Day Feeding)
- OECD 237: Honey Bee Larval Toxicity Test, Single Exposure
- OECD 239: Honey Bee Larval Toxicity Test
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- Oomen et al. 1992: Honey Bee Brood Feeding Study
- OECD 75: Honey Bee Brood Test under Semi-field Conditions in Tunnels
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- Solitary Bee Acute Contact Toxicity Study in the Laboratory (Osmia sp.) Solitary Bee Acute Oral Toxicity Study in the Laboratory (Osmia sp.) (protocols for ringtests with solitary bees recommended by the non-Apis working group)
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- OECD 208: Terrestrial Plant Test - Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test
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OECD 212: Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-fry Stages
The Short-term Toxicity Test on Fish Embryo and Sac-Fry Stages is a test in which the life stages from the newly fertilized egg to the end of the sac-fry stage are exposed. During the test no feeding is provided in the embryo and sac-fry test, and the test should thus be terminated while the sac-fry are still nourished from the yolk-sac.
This test can provide useful information in order to combine the information of lethal and sublethal tests and can be used as a screening for a Fish Early Life Stage Test (OECD 210). The short exposure of fish to chemicals can reduce the sensitivity and thus underestimate the chronic toxicity. In general this test is expected to be less sensitive than the OECD 210 and does not replace the OECD 210.
Study Design
Test Organisms
- Danio rerio (zebrafish)
- Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)
- Oryzias latipes (Japanese medaka)
Course of the test
The embryo and sac-fry stages of fish are exposed to five concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water. The test starts with placing at least 30 fertilised eggs divided equally between at least three replicate test chambers per concentration, and is terminated just before the yolk-sac of any larvae in any of the test chambers has been completely absorbed or before mortalities by starvation start in controls. Lethal and sub-lethal effects are assessed and compared with control values to determine the lowest observed effect concentration and hence the no observed effect concentration. Hatching, mortality, abnormal appearance and behavior are recorded daily. Concentrations of the substance higher than 96 hour LC50 or 100 mg/L, whichever is the lower, need not to be tested. The test concentrations are verified analytically at regular time intervals. During the course of the test the dissolved oxygen concentrations, pH and water temperature are measured
Endpoints
Reported Endpoints include survival, hatching, abnormal appearance, behaviour and days until hatching. Additionally, at the end of the test the individual length of all surviving fish is determined and all surviving fish are individually weighed (wet weight blotted dry or dry weights). The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) are derived by assessing and comparing the lethal and sub-lethal effects with the control values.
Guidelines and literature
- OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 212: “Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-fry Stages “, adopted September 21, 1998